Main Methods of Administration
- face to face interviews
- telephone
- postal self administered questionnaires
- internet surveys
o e-mail
o attachment
o interactive questionnaire
o web pages
o combined web page and e-mail
Computer Assisted Questionnaire Administration
- advantages
o complex branching
o piping à feeds answer into later questions
o feedback – eg mistakes / non response
o error checking à expect numeric, got alpha / answer outside of expected range
o consistency – eg, 18 yo, then answers has 4 children.
o enforce question answering requirements à eg, pick only one
o more engaging interface
o range of response types à dropdowns, radio boxes, sliding scales
o random question order
o order of answering
o automatic coding and data file creation
o sample controls
Four Methods Compared – Strengths and Weaknesses
- response rates
o unable to calculate response rate for many internet questionnaires
o response rate = (number returned) / (n in sample – ineligible – unreachable))
- obtaining representative samples
o non responders tend to be older / less educated / non English speaking background
o to obtain random sample – necessary to have some control over who completes questionnaire
- survey method effects on questionnaire design
o interviewer effect
o opened questions
- quality of answers
o social desirability
- implementing the survey
o staff availability
o speed of completion
o cost
Multi Mode Methods of Administration
- mode effects
- mixed mode methods are more defensible if different methods used for different variables rather than different respondents
o income data via postal questionnaire
o attitudinal and behavioural data via phone survey
Maximizing Response rates in Personal interviews
- call back
- timing
- advance notification
- confident approach
- don't look like a salesperson
- dress in neat / neutral manner
- explain purpose / confidentiality
- written confirmation
- identity card with photo
- make voluntary nature of survey clear
- busy, call back
- more experienced interviewer to handle initial refusals
Ensuring Quality in Personal Interviews
- training and supervision
- techniques for personal interviewing
Smooth Implementation of Personal Interviews
Maximizing Response Rates in Postal Surveys
- cover letter
- envelope – don't look like bulk mail.
- incentives
- select main out date – eg avoid holidays
- follow-ups
- undelivered questionnaires
Smooth Implementation of Postal Questionnaires
Maximising Response rates in Phone Surveys
- locating the respondent
- gaining cooperation
Ensuring Quality in Phone Surveys
- random digit dialing
- issue of mobile phones
Smooth implementation of phone surveys
Maximising Response rates in Internet Surveys
Ensuring Quality in Internet Surveys
Smooth Implimenattion of Internet Surveys
Questionniare Administration Checklist
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